Page 156 - History Facts

Hummingbirds can move their wings in a circle!


 

The hummingbird is a very versatile bird in the different ways it can move its wings. Part of the Trohilidae family found only in the Americas, they are unknown in the Eastern Hemisphere. Containing 343 species, hummingbirds are the second largest family of birds in the western hemisphere!
However, what is truly amazing about these birds is the way in which they can rotate their wings in a circle, which allows them to fly forwards, backwards, up, down, sideways, or even sit in sheer space! They are made up of mostly all flight muscle coated with feathers, which allows them to fly at speeds up to 30 mph!

Pandora’s Box was actually a jar


The original word used was “pithos,” which means a large storage jar. It was mistranslated by Erasmus of Rotterdam. He was a 16th century humanist and translated it into the Latin “pyxis,” which means box.

He translated Hesiod’s story of Pandora’s Box into Latin. A pithos is s storage jar that is often buried half way underground to store wine, oil, or grain. It can also refer to a funerary jar. Erasmus misinterpreted it to mean a box and it has stuck ever since.

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Ten of the thirteen longest bridges in the world are in China


The list of longest bridges refers to bridges longer than 2 kilometers long. Interestingly enough, half of those bridges were finished in just the past 3 years.

The other 3 longest bridges are found in Thailand and 2 in the U.S. China has so many long bridges due to their progress in developing their nation. They also have two major rivers running through their country.

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Scotland is actually the birthplace of the intellectual modern world!


Craig Ferguson made a joke about the Scottish Enlightenment. People didn’t believe him, so he told them to look it up. It just so happens that it occurred in the 18th century.

The Scots were one of the most literate in Europe. They excelled immensely in philosophy, medicine, engineering, archeology, architecture, sociology, law, and more! Their views were guided by reasoning and the rejection of authority that couldn’t be justified by reason. This aspect made them unique to the European Enlightenment. 

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Diarrhea was a leading cause of death among soldiers during the American Civil War!


Confederate soldiers were starving much of the war. The Union troops had ample supply of food for most of the war, though. Their main struggle was during the battle at Chattanooga. However, they developed nutritional deficiencies during the war. Prison camps saw the worst of these documented nutritional deficiencies.

Diarrhea and dysentery caused more deaths than the actual war did along with other diseases. The diarrhea was brought on by horrible sanitation conditions and underprepared foods. Interestingly, there was a code of honor among Civil War soldiers against shooting a soldier while using the facilities.

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