Fun Facts

L. Ron Hubbard called himself a nuclear physicist. His only exposure to it was one class!

“All About Radiation” is book by L. Ron Hubbard, and as the title might imply it’s all about radiation. Or at least Hubbard’s thoughts on radiation. It is also one of the canonical texts of Scientology. It was first published in 1957 and later editions were printed by the Church of Scientology’s in house publisher, Bridge Publications.

The book is controversial because it makes a lot of questionable claims. One such claim is that radiation poisoning can be cured by a course of vitamins. In fact, radiation poisoning cannot be cured.

Considering the book’s content, you would expect Hubbard to be some sort of radiation expert or at the very least a scientist of some kind. Hubbard does call himself a nuclear physicist but this was false. His only degree came from Sequoia University, an unaccredited school. The only nuclear physics course Hubbard ever took was at George Washington University and he got an ‘F’ in the course.

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Despite what you may believe, violence has actually steadily declined over the course of human history!

The world is tumultuous. Every day there are reports of bombings or homicides or abuse. However, despite what feels like a great deal of violence, this time is much more peaceful than others in human history. Think back to the World Wars, the Dark Ages, the Crusades.

Harvard psychologist Steven Pinker claims that we are indeed living in the most peaceable time in human history. He compiled copious amounts of data on many different sources of human cruelty—rape, international warfare, abuse of animals, and genocide to name a few. For each type of violence, he found that it was in fact declining.

For example, modern homicide rates in Europe are 10-50 times lower than in the Middle Ages. State sanctioned violence, such as corporal punishment and the death penalty, has also declined. Despite what the media tells us, perhaps we should be thankful to live in a time when human violence is at a low.

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Friday the 13th superstition costs businesses between $800 and $900 billion!

For most people Friday the 13th is cause for jokes and minor superstition, but for some people it is a literal phobia. They fear what will happen to the point that they refuse to leave their houses, sometimes refusing to leave bed. They can experience anxiety and even panic attacks.

Their fear is seriously debilitating; some miss work because of their fear! This depth of fear has resulted in an unexpected consequence: It is estimated that every Friday the 13th, businesses lose between $800 and $900 billion. People avoid scheduling on Friday the 13th because they think things are more likely to be unlucky and go wrong.

People dodge flying on planes, purchasing houses, and buying stocks, all out of fear of a date. The reason for the superstition behind Friday the 13th has to do with the historical superstitions of both Friday and the number 13 separately. The unluckiness of 13 may come from a Norse myth about a thirteenth guest who becomes a murderer.

Nowadays, we love Fridays, but fear of the number 13 remains in our culture. So what do you think, is Friday the 13th really unlucky?

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Under mutual combat laws; two people can fight as long as they verbally agree beforehand!

Many a drunken brawler has been arrested for fighting. If only he had known to discuss the fight with his opponent beforehand, he could have escaped jail time. Mutual combat is a legal term and is defined as "a fight into which both parties enter willingly, or in which two persons, upon a sudden quarrel, and in hot blood, mutually fight upon equal terms."

Back in the day, this type of fight was much more common. There were formal duels between men. School boys were made to fight as a rite of passage. Today, the boxing ring and other formalized (often for entertainment value) forms of fighting are the only places where mutual combat exists.

According to most, mutual combat has not survived the common law and would no longer hold up as a defense. However, it is still part of the criminal law of the United States.

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There are more possible games of chess than atoms in the observable universe

This is because the number of atoms is estimated to be about 10^79, while the number of unique chess games is 10^120. Here are some interesting facts for our chess fans:

• The word "Checkmate" in Chess comes from the Arabic language. The original form is "Shah Mat," which means "the King is dead."
• From the starting position, there are eight different ways to Mate in two moves and 355 different ways to Mate in three moves.
• The folding Chess board was invented by a priest in 1125. It was intended to make the board look like two books laying together when it was folded, thus concealing the board. This was done because the church forbid priests to play chess.
• Rookies or, players in their first year, are named after the Rook in Chess. Rooks generally are the last pieces to be moved into action, and the same goes for Rookies.
• There is a form of chess that is played while blindfolded. Many good chess players can do this, but it gets tricky after many moves since you need to see the board clearly. The record was set in 1960 in Budapest by Hungarian Janos Flesch, who played 52 opponents simultaneously while blindfolded – he won 31 of those games.

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